In 2024, Turkey saw a significant increase in emigration compared to immigration. The role of Turkish citizens moving abroad was substantial, with the most significant emigration from Iraq and Afghanistan in 2016-2018, Turkmenistan and Syria in 2019, and Russia and Ukraine in 2023. Istanbul transitioned from being a city that attracted migrants to one that saw significant emigration, with Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia being the regions with the highest emigration rates in both years.